See abacterial on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*né",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/né#Proto-Indo-European:_not"
],
[
"*n̥-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/n̥-#Proto-Indo-European:_not"
],
[
"*ə-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/ə-#Proto-Hellenic:_un-"
],
[
"ἀ-",
"ἀ-#Ancient_Greek:_un-"
],
[
"a-",
"a-#English:_not"
],
[
"βακτηρία",
"βακτηρία#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"*-yóm",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yóm"
],
[
"-ιον",
"-ιον#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"βακτήριον",
"βακτήριον#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"bactēria",
"bacterium#Latin"
],
[
"bacteria",
"bacteria#English"
],
[
"*h₂el-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂el-#Proto-Indo-European:_grow"
],
[
"*-is",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-is"
],
[
"*-ālis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ālis"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Old_French:_forming_adjectives"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-el",
"-el#Old_French:_adjective"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-al",
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],
[
"-al",
"-al#English:_adjectival"
],
[
"bacterial",
"bacterial#English"
],
[
"a-",
"a-#English:_not"
],
[
"bacterial",
"bacterial#English"
]
],
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{
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"2": ":af",
"3": "a-<id:not><t:without>",
"4": "bacterial",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
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\"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"βακτηρία\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yóm\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ιον\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\", \"pos\" : \"diminutive suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"βακτήριον\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"New Latin\", \"term\" : \"bactērium\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-new\" } ], 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true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"abacterial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"abacterial\">\nFrom a- (“without”) + bacterial.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": ":af",
"3": "a-<id:not><t:without>",
"4": "bacterial",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
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"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)der.\nEnglish a-\nAncient Greek βακτηρία (baktēría)\nProto-Indo-European *-yóm\nProto-Hellenic\nAncient Greek -ιον (-ion)\nAncient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion)bor.\nNew Latin bactēriabor.\nEnglish bacteria\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish bacterial\nEnglish abacterial\nFrom a- (“without”) + bacterial.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more abacterial",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most abacterial",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abacterial (comparative more abacterial, superlative most abacterial)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"name": "English entries with etymon",
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},
{
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
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},
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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{
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"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
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},
{
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}
],
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{
"word": "abacterially"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "an abacterial prostatitis model for studying immune cells"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not caused by bacteria; characterized by a lack of bacteria."
],
"id": "en-abacterial-en-adj-~MqNQfBs",
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "abacterieel"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "senbakteria"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "abakteriaalinen"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "abacteriano"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "abacterian"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "icke-bakteriell"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "anfacterol"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌeɪ.bækˈtɪəɹ.i.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"word": "abacterial"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "abacterially"
}
],
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[
"*né",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/né#Proto-Indo-European:_not"
],
[
"*n̥-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/n̥-#Proto-Indo-European:_not"
],
[
"*ə-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/ə-#Proto-Hellenic:_un-"
],
[
"ἀ-",
"ἀ-#Ancient_Greek:_un-"
],
[
"a-",
"a-#English:_not"
],
[
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"βακτηρία#Ancient_Greek"
],
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],
[
"-ιον",
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],
[
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],
[
"bactēria",
"bacterium#Latin"
],
[
"bacteria",
"bacteria#English"
],
[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂el-#Proto-Indo-European:_grow"
],
[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-is"
],
[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ālis"
],
[
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"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
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],
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
"-al",
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],
[
"bacterial",
"bacterial#English"
],
[
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],
[
"bacterial",
"bacterial#English"
]
],
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"text": "+",
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\"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"bacteria\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectival\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-el\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"bacterial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"abacterial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"abacterial\">\nFrom a- (“without”) + bacterial.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "a-<id:not><t:without>",
"4": "bacterial",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)der.\nEnglish a-\nAncient Greek βακτηρία (baktēría)\nProto-Indo-European *-yóm\nProto-Hellenic\nAncient Greek -ιον (-ion)\nAncient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion)bor.\nNew Latin bactēriabor.\nEnglish bacteria\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish bacterial\nEnglish abacterial\nFrom a- (“without”) + bacterial.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *né\nProto-Indo-European *n̥-\nProto-Hellenic *ə-\nAncient Greek ἀ- (a-)der.\nEnglish a-\nAncient Greek βακτηρία (baktēría)\nProto-Indo-European *-yóm\nProto-Hellenic\nAncient Greek -ιον (-ion)\nAncient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion)bor.\nNew Latin bactēriabor.\nEnglish bacteria\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish bacterial\nEnglish abacterial\nFrom a- (“without”) + bacterial.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more abacterial",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most abacterial",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abacterial (comparative more abacterial, superlative most abacterial)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *né",
"English terms prefixed with a- (not)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "an abacterial prostatitis model for studying immune cells"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not caused by bacteria; characterized by a lack of bacteria."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌeɪ.bækˈtɪəɹ.i.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-abacterial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abacterial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abacterial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abacterial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abacterial.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "abacterieel"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "senbakteria"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "abakteriaalinen"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "abacteriano"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "abacterian"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "icke-bakteriell"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "not caused by bacteria, characterized by lack of bacteria",
"word": "anfacterol"
}
],
"word": "abacterial"
}
Download raw JSONL data for abacterial meaning in All languages combined (11.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.